New words：

somewhat /ˈsʌmwɒt/ adv. 稍微；有点儿；颇为（修饰形容词、副词、动词，表轻微程度）

详细词源拆解：

some（一点，某些）+ what（事物、程度）
本义 “到某种程度”，弱化语气，表示 “略微、有点”，程度弱于 quite、very。

必记高频搭配

somewhat difficult 有点难

This math problem is somewhat difficult for me.

somewhat surprised 略显惊讶

She looked somewhat surprised at my words.

somewhat slowly 稍慢一点

Please speak somewhat slowly for the kids.

关键使用提醒

1. 位置规则：修饰形容词 / 副词时，放在单词前面

   The room is somewhat quiet tonight.
   今晚这间屋子略显安静。

2. 语气作用：弱化强烈情绪，语气委婉，书面阅读高频

   very angry（十分生气）；somewhat angry（有点生气）

3. 不可修饰名词，修饰名词只能用 a little /a bit of

   错 误：somewhat water
   正 确：a little water 一点水

4. 同义替换（作文加分）：somewhat = a little = slightly

   The park is somewhat far from my home.
   公园离我家稍微有点远。

New words：

expression /ɪkˈspreʃn/ n. 表达；表情；短语；词组；固定搭配
expressive /ɪkˈspresɪv/ adj. 富有表现力的

必记高频搭配

facial expression 面部表情

We can read moods from people’s facial expression.

expression 短语；词组；固定搭配

This English expression often appears in exams.

expression （情感、想法的）表达，表露

Writing is a good expression of your inner feelings.

expressive (adj. 富有表现力的)

Her expressive face has different expressions easily.

New words：

express [ɪkˈspres]

v. 表达；表示；表露；代表
adj. 特快的；快速的；快递的；用快递寄送的
n. 特快列车；快件服务；快递服务；快运服务

详细词源拆解：

前缀 ex-（向外）+ press（挤压），本义 “挤压出来”；
引申：内心情绪向外流露 → 表达；快速挤压输送 → 特快、快运。

词汇家族

express (v. 表达；adj. 特快的；n. 快递)
→ expression (n. 表达；表情；短语)
→ expressive (adj. 善于表达的；富有表现力的)

必记高频搭配

express feelings 抒发情感

We write diaries to express our true feelings.

express thanks 表达感谢

I express my sincere thanks to my deskmate.

by express 通过快递；坐快车

I send the notebook to him by express.

express train 特快列车

The express train runs much faster than common trains.

关键使用提醒

1. 词性区分小技巧：

   表 “ 抒发情绪 ” → 动词；
   表 “ 快速的 ” → 形容词；
   表 “ 快递 / 快车 ”→ 名词

2. 动词固定搭配：express oneself 表达自我（写作高频）

   Drawing helps children express themselves freely.
   画画能让孩子自由表达自我。

3. 名词复数：express 表多家快递公司、多趟快车时用 expresses

   Many expresses work during holidays.
   多家快递公司节假日正常运营。

4. 派生词 expression 中考必考，常考固定短语 facial expression 面部表情

   You can tell his mood from his facial expression.
   你能从他的面部表情看出他的心情。

New words：

sincere [sɪnˈsɪr]
adj. 形容词

(情感、言语、人）真诚的，诚挚的，真心实意的
发自内心的，不虚伪的

详细词源拆解：

源自拉丁语 sincerus，原义 “无杂质、纯净的”；引申为人内心纯粹、不虚伪，真诚恳切。

词汇家族

sincere (adj. 真诚的)
→ sincerely (adv. 真诚地；谨启，书信结尾敬语)
→ sincerity (n. 真诚，诚挚)

必记高频搭配

sincere apology 诚恳的道歉

He wrote a sincere apology to his deskmate.

sincere thanks 由衷的感谢

I send my sincere thanks to all my teachers.

sincerely (adv. 真诚地；由衷地；谨上)

I sincerely hope you will have a wonderful holiday.

sincerity (n. 真诚，诚恳)

Her sincerity makes everyone trust her completely.

关键使用提醒

1. 书信写作万能结尾：Yours sincerely，用于正式信件落款

   Yours sincerely, Li Hua
   谨启，李华

2. 修饰对象：常修饰 smile、apology、thanks、wish、friendship、person

   His sincere wish moved all the audience.
   他真挚的心愿打动了全场观众。

3. 反义词：insincere adj. 虚伪的，不诚恳的

   I hate his insincere empty words.
   我讨厌他那些虚伪空洞的话语。

4. 副词 sincerely 放在动词前修饰动作，表 “真心地”

   I sincerely believe you can pass the exam.
   我真心相信你能够通过这次考试。

New words：

lame /leɪm/
adj. 形容词

跛的，瘸的；腿脚不便的
（借口、理由、笑话）蹩脚的，无说服力的，差劲的

v. 动词

使跛；使致残；使行动困难

详细词源拆解：

古英语原生词，本义腿脚受伤、行动不便；
后引申形容借口、理由、段子蹩脚、站不住脚。

词汇家族

lame (adj. 跛的；蹩脚的 /v. 使致残)
→ lamely (adv. 跛地；牵强地)
→ lameness (n. 跛足；蹩脚，无说服力)

必记高频搭配

使跛；使致残；使行动困难

A fall lamed the old man for several months.

lame excuse 蹩脚的借口

Stop using lame excuses when you forget your homework.

lame joke 冷笑话、不好笑的段子

He told a lame joke that no one laughed at.

lame animal 腿脚受伤的动物

The lame dog walks slowly with a hurt leg.

lamely (adv. 跛地；牵强地)

He lamely explained why he failed the test.

lameness (n. 蹩脚；腿脚不便)

Everyone noticed the lameness of his excuse.
所有人都听出他的借口十分站不住脚。

关键使用提醒

1. 口语高频贬义用法：lame 形容借口、点子、段子，是日常阅读高频考点

   This plan is too lame to carry out.
   这个方案漏洞太多，根本没法执行。

2. 形容人 “腿脚残疾” 正式场合优先用 disabled，lame 偏口语，略显不礼貌

   错误：The lame student sits beside me.
   优化：The disabled student sits beside me.
   翻译：那位身有残疾的同学坐在我旁边。

3. 动词 lame 多用于被动或过去式，侧重意外造成行动不便

   例句：He was lamed by a traffic accident last year.
   翻译：去年一场车祸让他落下腿脚残疾。

4. 副词 lamely 修饰动词，表 “牵强地、磕磕绊绊地”

   例句：She lamely tried to hide her mistake.
   翻译：她牵强地试图掩盖自己的错误。