New words：

drain [dreɪn]

v. 排干；流走；排空（液体）
v. 耗尽（精力、体力、金钱）
n. 下水道；排水管；排水口
n. 消耗；负担

详细词源拆解：

源自古法语 drainer，拉丁语 dregare
本义：使水流干、排干
引申义：耗尽精力、金钱、资源

必记高频搭配

drain 下水道
We should clean the drain regularly to stop it from blocking.

drain water /rainwater 排水；排雨水
The pipes drain rainwater away from the roof.

drain the pool /lake 排空水池 / 湖水
Workers plan to drain the swimming pool for cleaning.

drain one’s energy /strength 耗尽精力 / 体力
The long run drained all his strength.

a drain on sth 对…… 的消耗 / 负担
Too much homework is a drain on students’ time.

关键使用提醒

1. 固定搭配：drain away 流走；渐渐消失
2. be drained (of sth) 被耗尽……

He felt drained after the exam.
考试后他感觉精疲力竭。

3. 初中阅读常考：drain → 排水 / 下水道

New words：

slimness /ˈslɪmnəs/ n. 苗条；纤细；单薄
slimly /ˈslɪmli/ adv. 苗条地；纤细地；微弱地；渺茫地
slimmer /ˈslɪmə(r)/ n. 减肥者，想瘦身的人 adj. 更苗条的（slim 的比较级）

必记高频搭配

Many girls admire her slimness.
She does sports to keep her slimness.
We can only slimly hope to finish the work on time
With enough exercise, she has become slimmer and slimmer.
He has become a successful slimmer by running every day.

New words：

slim /slɪm/

adj. 苗条的；纤细的；修长的（褒义，形容身材好）
adj. 渺茫的；微小的（形容机会、希望）
v. 减肥；变苗条

详细词源拆解：

源自荷兰语 slim，原义 “狡猾、灵巧”
进入英语后词义转为：细长的、轻巧的
现代常用义：苗条的、纤细的、修长的

必记高频搭配

slim figure 苗条的身材

She has a beautiful slim figure.

stay/keep slim 保持苗条

It’s not easy to stay slim without exercise.

a slim chance 机会渺茫

We have only a slim chance of winning the game.

slim down 减肥；变瘦

Many students want to slim down before summer.

关键使用提醒

1. 形容身材 slim > thin，slim 更礼貌、更好听
2. 固定搭配：a slim hope/chance 希望渺茫
3. 比较级 / 最高级：slimmer, slimmest

New words：

lean/liːn/

v. 倾斜；倚靠；靠在… 上（最常用）
v. 倾向于；偏向
adj. 瘦的；精干的；（肉）瘦的

详细词源：

源自古英语，本义弯曲、倚靠，后引申为身体倾斜靠在某物上

必记高频搭配

lean against /on sth 倚靠在某物上

The boy leaned against the wall and waited for his friend.

lean out of the window 探出窗外

Don’t lean out of the window on the bus.

lean forward /backward 向前 / 向后倾

She leaned forward to listen to the teacher clearly.

lean meat 瘦肉

Doctors advise us to eat more lean meat.

关键使用提醒

✅ lean 含义：精瘦、肌肉紧实、没有赘肉（偏褒义，常形容男生身材干练、健美）
✅ lean 适用：形容运动型、身材挺拔结实的人

对比区分：

He's tall and thin → 单纯瘦，可能干瘪，中性偏一般
He's tall and slim → 苗条匀称，男女都能用
He's tall and lean → 男生首选，精瘦有线条，气质利落

New words：

slope [sloʊp]
n. 斜坡；坡度；山坡；斜度；坡地
v. 倾斜；有坡度

sloping ['sloʊpɪŋ] adj.倾斜的

Sample Sentences

The mountain slopes steeply on one side.
The floor of the bathroom slopes down to the drain.

It was difficult to walk up the steep slope.
It was a very old house with sloping walls.

drain [dreɪn] n. 下水道；排水管

关键使用提醒

1. slope 可数，复数：slopes
2. 描述坡度常用：gentle slope（缓坡） / steep slope（陡坡）
3. 写作 / 阅读高频，比 incline 更口语、更常用