New words:

annual [ˈænjuəl]
adj.每年的;一年一次的;年度的;一年的
n.年鉴;一年生植物(特定事物)

核心词根是 -ann-/-enn-,源自拉丁语 “annus”,意为 “

annual” 由词根 -ann-(年) + 形容词后缀 “-ual” 构成,字面含义是 “与一年相关的”,核心义为 “每年的、年度的”。


必记搭配:

形容词核心搭配:

annual meeting(年度会议)、annual report(年度报告)、annual budget(年度预算)、annual trip(年度旅行)

名词搭配:

school annual(学校年鉴)、history annual(历史年鉴)、garden annuals(园艺一年生植物)

常见短语

annual income(年收入)、annual sale(年度促销)、annual event(年度活动)

Sample Sentences:

This annual includes photos and stories from the past year.
She planted some annuals in the garden, they will bloom this summer.
The school published its annual report, showing students’ exam results.


New words:

performance [pəˈfɔrməns] n. 表演;表现;执行

per- 完全 + form- 形式 + -ance 名词后缀 → “完全将能力以‘有形’的方式展现出来”,字面意思是 “把能力彻底以‘有形’方式展现出来”。

必记搭配:

搭配 “表演”:

music performance(音乐表演)、stage performance(舞台演出)、dance performance(舞蹈表演)、live performance(现场表演)

搭配 “表现”:

academic performance(学业表现)、work performance(工作表现)、battery performance(电池表现)、performance review(业绩评估,职场常用)

搭配 “执行”:

performance of a task(任务执行)、performance of duties(职责履行)、performance of a policy(政策执行)

Sample Sentences:

Her math performance has improved a lot this semester.
They discussed the performance of the plan at the meeting.
We watched a wonderful music performance at the theater last night.


New words:

conform [kənˈfɔrm] v. 遵守;符合;顺应

con- 共同 + form- 形式 → “与共同的‘形式’或规则保持一致”,字面意思是 “和共同的形式 / 规则保持一致”。

必记搭配:

核心搭配(不及物):“conform to sth”

conform to rules(遵守规则)、conform to standards(符合标准)、conform to customs(遵守习俗)、conform to laws(符合法律)

核心搭配(及物):“conform sth to sth”

conform sth to requirements(使某物符合要求)、conform sth to a template(使某物符合模板)、conform sth to format(使某物符合格式)

常见短语

conform with(与 “conform to” 含义基本一致,可互换,如 “conform with regulations”(遵守规定))

Sample Sentences:

All students must conform to the school rules, like not being late.
We need to conform the design to the client’s requirements before starting.


New words:

format [ˈfɔrˌmæt]
n.格式;版式;
v.格式化

form- 形式 + -at 后缀 → “数据、文件或页面的固定‘形式’”,字面意思是 “与‘形式 / 结构’相关的”。
名词如 “document format”(文档格式);动词如 “format a disk”(格式化磁盘)

必记搭配:

名词常用搭配:

file format(文件格式,如 PDF/Word)、exam format(考试格式)、page format(页面版式)、show format(节目形式)

动词常用搭配:

format a disk/USB(格式化磁盘 / U 盘)、format a document/report(调整文档 / 报告版式)、format sth into sth(将某物格式化为…)

常见短语

in…format(以… 格式),如 “save in Word format”(存为 Word 格式)

Sample Sentences:

Please save the document in PDF format.
He formatted his phone to delete all old data and start fresh.
The designer formatted the poster with big pictures and small text.


New words:

uniform [ˈjunɪˌfɔrm]
n. 制服
adj. 统一的;一致的;

uni- 单一 + form- 形式 → “只有一种‘形式’的”,形容词表 “统一的”

字面意思是 “只有一种形式 / 形状的”,核心语义围绕 “统一的、一致的” 和 “制服” 展开 —— 因为 “制服” 正是 “统一款式的服装”。

必记搭配:

形容词常用搭配:

uniform size(统一尺寸)、uniform policy(统一政策)、uniform color(均匀颜色)、be uniform in shape(形状一致)

名词常用搭配:

school uniform(校服)、police uniform(警服)、military uniform(军装)、wear a uniform(穿制服)

常见短语

in uniform(穿着制服),如 “He looks serious in uniform”(他穿制服时看起来很严肃)

Sample Sentences:

All the books on this shelf have a uniform size.
Students must wear uniform to school in many countries.