New words：

vividness /ˈvɪvɪdnəs/ n. 生动性；生动逼真；色泽鲜艳度；鲜活感

必记高频搭配

I still remember the vividness of the scene in his old story.

The painting wins praise for the vividness of its bright colours.

We add small details to improve the vividness of our short essay.

关键使用提醒

1. 作文加分：替换普通 energy，描写景物、人文场景

Green plants bring natural vitality to our crowded city streets.

New words：

vivid /ˈvɪvɪd/
adj.（描述、回忆）生动形象的、栩栩如生的
adj.（颜色）鲜艳亮丽的

详细词源拆解：

词根 viv = 生命、活着（live 同源），拉丁语原形 vivus（鲜活的、有生命力的）；
词义演变：富有生命力 → 色彩鲜亮；画面鲜活 → 描述生动逼真。
同根联动：vivid (adj. 生动的) → vitality (n. 活力) → survive (v. 存活) → revive (v. 复苏)

词汇家族

vivid (adj. 生动的)
→ vividly (adv. 生动地)
→ vividness (n. 生动；鲜艳)
→ vitality (n. 活力)
→ survive (v. 存活)
→ revive (v. 复苏)

必记高频搭配

vivid memory 清晰鲜活生动的回忆

I still have vivid memories of playing with my childhood pals.
He gave a vivid description of the event.

vivid colours 鲜亮的色彩

The butterfly has vivid colours on its thin beautiful wings.

vividly (adv. 生动地；鲜明地)

The old man vividly tells us stories about his young days.

关键使用提醒

1. 修饰对象：可修饰文字、回忆、色彩、画面，不能直接修饰人活泼

   His vivid report helps us know more about countryside life.
   他生动的汇报让我们更加了解乡村生活。

2. 写作高分词：替换 good/good-looking，提升作文文采

   The vivid scenery in the novel leaves a deep impression on me.
   小说里鲜活的景致给我留下深刻印象。

New words：

settler/ˈsetlər/ n. 移居者；殖民者；开荒定居的人

settlement /ˈsetlmənt/ n.（小型）定居点、村落;（争端、矛盾）和解，妥善解决

Sample Sentences

Many settlers came here hundreds of years ago from Europe.
Those settlers learned to grow new fruit from native people.

After weeks of talks, they finally got a satisfying settlement.
Those brave settlers worked to build their first small settlement.

New words：

settle /ˈsetl/

v. 解决（争端、问题）
v. 定居；安家落户
v.（泥沙、尘土）下沉，沉淀

详细词源拆解：

词根 set（安放、固定） + 指小后缀 -le；本义 “安放妥当、固定下来”。
词义演变：① 事物固定→解决（纠纷、问题）； ② 人落脚安家→定居； ③ 杂质下沉→沉淀。

词汇家族

set (v. 放置)
→ settle (v. 解决；定居；沉淀)
→ settlement (n. 定居点；解决)
→ settler (n. 移民；殖民者)

必记高频搭配

settle problems 解决问题

We work together to settle all difficult study problems.

settle a quarrel 平息争吵

Parents help settle a quarrel between the two little boys.

settle in a place 在某地定居

Many families choose to settle in this quiet small town.

settle down 安定下来；静下心

Try to settle down and focus on your daily homework.
Leave the water still to let the mud settle to the bottom.

关键使用提醒

1. 变形：不规则变化，过去式 settled，无双写 t

2. 固定短语：settle on sth 商定、选定某物 / 方案

   We settle on blue as the color of our class uniform.
   我们敲定蓝色作为班服的选用颜色。

3. settle down 两层常用含义：①静下心 ②安稳定居

   He wants to settle down and live a simple peaceful life.
   他想要安定下来，过上平淡安稳的日子。

New words：

contestation [ˌkɒntes'teɪʃən] n. 争辩；争论；异议；抗辩

详细词源拆解：

contest (v. 争辩、角逐)；后缀 - ation（动词变名词，表行为、过程）。
词义演变：原本指法庭双方互相辩驳；引申为观点争执、对结果的异议；
日常使用频次偏低，偏正式书面用语。

必记高频搭配

contestation over/about sth 围绕某事产生争议

There is no contestation over the winner of the singing contest.

without contestation 毫无争议

The final result passes without any public contestation.

cause contestation 引发争论

This new rule may cause much contestation among students.

settle a contestation 平息分歧争辩

Teachers help settle the contestation between two groups.

settle /ˈsetl/ v. 解决（争端、问题）

关键使用提醒

1. 语体偏正式，口语极少使用，多用于书面、文书、正式讨论
2. 可数用法：表多起分歧时复数 contestations；泛指争辩多作不可数
3. 常用搭配：contestation over/about sth 围绕某事产生争议