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New words:

adequate /ˈædɪkwət/

adj. 足够的;充足的
adj. 恰当的;胜任的;合适的

详细词源拆解:

词根 ad- 朝向 + equ 相等,本义 “数量、程度刚好对等够用”;
引申为足够的、充足的;恰当的、合适的。
同根词:equal 相等、equality 平等。

词汇家族

adequate(adj. 足够的)→ adequately(adv. 足够地;适当地)
adequate → adequacy(n. 充足;适当)
adequate ↔ inadequate(adj. 不足的;不恰当的)

必记高频搭配

adequate (adj. 充足的)

We need adequate time to finish our work.
We should take adequate exercise to keep our body healthy.

adequately (adv. 充分地)

Please prepare your school things adequately for new term.

inadequate (adj. 不足的)

Inadequate sleep will affect our study and daily mood.

adequacy (n. 充足;胜任)

We doubt the adequacy of his ability for the new task
No one doubts the adequacy of her knowledge and experience.

关键使用提醒

  1. 常用搭配:be adequate for sth 足以胜任;适合某事

    His ability is adequate for this difficult task.
    他的能力足以胜任这项艰巨任务。
  2. 反义词 inadequate 阅读常考,表 “不足的、欠缺的”。
  3. 写作可替换简单单词 enough,提升高级感。

New words:

adolescence /ˌædəˈlesns/

n. 青春期;青少年时期 不可数名词,不能加 s

adolescent /ˌædəˈlesnt/

adj. 青春期的;青少年的
n. 青少年;少男少女

Sample Sentences

adolescence (n. 青春期)

Many habits formed in adolescence last for the whole life.
Adolescence is an important time for personal growth and study.

adolescent (adj. 青春期的)

Adolescent mood often changes easily in daily life.

adolescent (n. 青少年)

Every adolescent should develop good living habits early.

关键使用提醒

  1. 可数名词:复数 adolescents,写作可替换 teenager 升级词汇。

    Schools should pay more attention to growing adolescents.
    学校应多关注成长中的青少年。
  2. 词义区分:

    adolescence 是「青春期(时期)」
    adolescent 是「青少年(人)/ 青春期的」
    3.形容词常修饰:mood、feeling、psychology、life 等名词。

adolescent

New words:

objective /əbˈdʒektɪv/

adj. 客观的;如实的;不带个人偏见的
n. 目标;宗旨;任务目的

详细词源拆解:

来自词根 object 物体、客观实物 + 形容词后缀 -ive;
本义:以客观实物为依据、不掺杂个人感情,引申为客观的、不带偏见的;
作名词引申为目标、目的。
反义词:subjective 主观的

词汇家族

object(n. 物体;v. 反对)→ objective(adj. 客观的;n. 目标)
objective → objectively(adv. 客观地)
objective ↔ subjective(adj. 主观的)

必记高频搭配

objective view 客观看法

We should hold an objective view on new things.

objective evaluation 客观评价

Teachers give students an objective evaluation.

objective fact 客观事实

True judges always base their opinions on objective facts.

main objective 主要目标

Our main objective is to learn knowledge well.

关键使用提醒

  1. 固定成对记忆:

    subjective 主观的 ↔ objective 客观的,阅读、完形高频反义词。
  2. 一词两性:

    形容词「客观的」、名词「目标」,写作都能用。
    What is your main objective in this term?
    你这学期的主要目标是什么?
  3. 副词 objectively 可替换简单短语,提升作文档次。

    Learn to look at your own mistakes objectively every day.
    学会每天客观地看待自己身上犯下的错误。

New words:

subjective /səbˈdʒektɪv/ adj. 主观的;个人意愿的;凭个人感情的

详细词源拆解:

词根 subject 主体、受支配的人 + 形容词后缀 -ive;
词源本义:从人自身内心出发的,不是客观外在事实,引申为主观的、个人看法的、凭感觉的。
反义词:objective 客观的

词汇家族

subject(n. 科目;主题;主语;主体)→ subjective(adj. 主观的)
subjective → subjectively(adv. 主观地)
subjective → object(n. 物体)→ objective(adj. 客观的)

必记高频搭配

subjective opinion 主观看法

Your subjective opinion cannot stand for all people.

subjective feeling 主观感受

We should not only follow our subjective feeling.

subjective judgment 主观判断

Don’t make subjective judgment without real facts.

subjective idea 主观想法

Try not to judge others by subjective idea alone.

关键使用提醒

  1. 中考 / 阅读必记反义词:

    subjective 主观的 ↔ objective 客观的
  2. 多用于议论文、阅读推理,形容看法、判断、评价。

    A good decision should not be only subjective.
    一个好的决定不能只凭主观臆断。
  3. 词根关联:subject 科目 / 主题 → subjective 主观的,一起记忆更省力。

New words:

process [prəˈses]

n. 过程;进程;步骤
v. 加工;处理;办理

详细词源拆解:

源自拉丁语 procedere,pro- 向前 + cess 走,本义 “向前行进、一步步往前走”
引申为过程、进程;再延伸出加工、处理、办理的动词含义。
同根词:progress、proceed。

词汇家族

process → procession(n. 队伍;游行)
process → processor(n. 处理器;加工者)
process → processed(adj. 经过加工的)

Sample Sentences

process (n. 过程)

Growing up is a long and meaningful process for every child.

process (v. 处理;加工)

Factories process fresh fruit into different kinds of sweet snacks.

processed (adj. 加工过的)

Processed meat is not very good for our physical health.

关键使用提醒

  1. 固定短语 in the process of doing sth 考试高频,表 “在做某事的过程中”。

    She is in the process of preparing for the coming exam.
  2. processed food 阅读理解常考:加工食品。